Combined heater and ventilator



2" Sheets-Sheet I (No Model.)

B. P. W. URBAN.

COMBINED HEATER AND VENTILATOR.

P88881588 Nov. 6, 1888.

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Patented Nov. 6, 1888.

B. F. W. URBAN.

COMBINED HEATER AND VENTILATOR. I

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BENJAMIN F. W. URBAN, OF LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA.

- COMBINED HEATER AND VENTILATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 392,475, dated November 6, 1888.

Application filed July 19,1886. Renewed August 29, 1888. Serial No. 284,086. [No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN F. W. URBAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lancaster, in the county of Lancaster and State of Pennsylvania, haveiuvented certain Improvements in Combined Heaters and Ventilators, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to devices for heating and ventilating; andtheobjectsofmyimprovements are, first, to carry the impure air from a room in a regular current by means of the heat generated by the stove; second, to create a current in a room, by means of which all air in it shall be successively passed over the heating-surface of the stove, and, third, to carry the impure atmosphere from the room and at the same time supply it with heated fresh air.

My invention is particularly applicable to school rooms, churches, or other places in which a large number of persons congregate, is simple and cheap in construction, is arranged so as to produce all results strictly in accordance with the laws of the action of heat upon the atmosphere, and in it the adjustment of the parts to secure any one of the required results can be easily made.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional perspective view of one of my heat ers; Fig. 2, a horizontal sectional view just above the grate in the plane of the line 3/ y,

Fig. 1; Fig. 0, a view of a casing used in the application of my invention to an ordinary stove; Fig. 4-, a vertical central sectional elevation through Fig. 1, and Fig. 5 a horizontal section through the line or w of Fig. 4.

In the heater specially constructed for the purpose of carrying out my object, (shown in Fig. 1,) A represents an inclosing-case divided horizontally into three chambers, B, O, and D, and rests upon a base, F. The base is divided into compartments, which have openings in them through which the air can be drawn. These openings are fitted with slides f, each operated by means of a handle, f, so that they may be opened or closed at pleasure. As constructed, there are two smaller compartments, G, (shown in Figs. 2 and 5,) and a larger one, II.

Of the chambers B, G, and I), B and D are heating-chambers, and Ca combustion orsmoke chamber, the first containing the fire-box E,

having the grate a beneath it, the second the coalreservoir I, having a feedopening, c, in the top of the chamber 0, and the third the drum or radiator J. The fire-pot E opens about the base of the magazine I into the chamber G, into which all the products of combustion from said pot enter, passing therefrom into the drum J through thefiue N. Flues b, to serve as conductors for foul air, pass upward through the intermediate chambers and connect the compartments G with the drum J, and the chambers B and D are connected by the heatflues K, which pass through the chamber (l. The smoke is conveyed from thechamher 0, into which the mouth of the fire-box opens, to the drum J,whence it escapes through the smoke-pipe L. There are doors M P in the side of the case, giving access, respectively, to the top of the magazine and fire-pot, and one, Q, over the top of the magazine, as is usual with other self feeding stoves and furnaces.

The top of the case extends upward in the I shape of a large flue or pipe to within ashort distance of the ceiling, and in the bottom of the base there is an opening, 1, through which fresh air is conveyed from some other apartmentor the outside of the building into the base by means of fines 0, having dampers f, as represented by dotted lines in the drawings.

As will be seen, all flucs conveying smoke and fresh or foul air are subjected to the effects of the heat generated in the fire-box. When the fire is first made, in order to change the atmosphere of the room all openings into the base are closed except those leading into the foulair fines. The heating of these lines creates a current, which draws the air from the room and carries it up and out of the smokepipe with the smoke. Then the old air is sufficiently removed from the room, the openings leading into the foul-air dues are closed and those giving access from the room into the body of the base are opened. The new current now created enters the base, passes upward through the openings 7b in the top there of, the chamber 13, flues K, and chamber D, and is discharged from the top of the casepipe just below the ceiling. The hot air spreads over the top of the room under the ceiling, and as it strikes the cold outer walls sinks gradually until it reaches the floor, and is again drawn into the flues to be reheated. The pipe extending upward from the top of the case is not shown in Figs. 1 and 4, but is similar in construction to that shown in Fig. 8.

WVhcn fresh outsideair is required, the openings from the base into the room are closed and that in the bottom opened. At the same time to carry away the air in the room the openings into the foul-air fines are opened, thus creating two currents, one of which removes the taintcd atmosphere and another which supplies fresh heated air.

The division of the base into compartments allows the foul air ilues to be carried up through the heat-chambers O, subjecting them upon .all sides to the heat generated, thus facilitating the d aft through them and correspondingly reduei ng the time necessary to free the room from bad air. The arrangement of the chamber 13 lengthens the time in which the air for heating the room is subjected to the influence of the fire, being entirely open to the circulation of that air about the fire-pot instead of its passing directly through in fines. As will be seen by Fi 3, thcsame principles are applied in using the casing with an ordinary stove; but the construction is somewhat modified to meet the different requirements. The caseis placed over the stove, and has a door to correspond with that in the stove, the hot air passing upward between the surface of the stove and the ease. The construction of the base differs somewhat from that just described, the foul-air compartment projecting outward beyond the body of the base, so that the flue leading from it may pass up and embrace the smoke-pipe by the heat radiating from which the current in the foul-air flue is produced. The regulation of the supplies of fresh air in the sides and bottom of the base is the same as those previously described.

In the application of myinvention I do not confine myself to the precise arrangement of the details as described, for, as is very evident, many changes can be made without m0difying the principles upon which my heater is constructed. From the point at which it embraces the pipe the foul-airflue may follow the course of said pipe out of the room; or, if preferable, when the pipe deflects from the perpcndicular, it may be continued upward to a spe cial opening made in the ceiling to permit its passage.

Vhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1.. The combination of the base F, the circulating-chamber B, with openings connecting the base and chamber, and the fire-potE, 1ocatcd in said chamber, with the chamber 0, through which the products of combustion pass to the smoke-flue N, and the heat-flues K, connecting the chambers B and D and the heat-outlet from the latter, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, in heating and ventilating stoves, of the base having foul and fresh air com partments, with dampers as described, the foul-air pipes 7), connecting the said foulair compartments and the drum J, the chamber B, having openings into the fresh-air compartment of the base, the fire-pot E, chambers O and D, having aheat-outlet, fines K, drum J, and smol e-pipe L, when the whole are con strueted and operated substantially i n the manner shown and described.

. BENJ. F. \V. URBAN.

Witnesses:

VVM. It. GERHARI, A L'EX ANDER TI ARR is. 

